Method of making non-conducting walls.



EXAMINER @was Referencg PATENTED MAR. 7, 1905.

J. H. STONE. METHOD OF MAKING NON-CONDUGTING WALLS.

APPLTOATION FILED SEPT. 26, 1904.

wnNEssEs: fv@ M 1U NITED STATES Patented March 1905.'

PATENT OFFICE.

METHOD OF MAKING NON-CONDUCTING WALLS SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 784,284, dated March 7, 1905. Applicatioi` filed September 26 1904. Serial No. 225,9?3.-

.To all whom it may concern:

Be ity known that I, J UNIUs H. STONE. a citizen of the United States, residing at Darien, county of Fairfield, State of Connecticut, have .invented a new and usefulMethod of Making Non-Conducting IValls, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention has for its object to produce continuous walls, ceilings, partitions, &c., 1o which shall be' rigid, but exceedingly lightin weight, inexpensive both as regards material and cost of construction, and which shall be thoroughly tireproof, waterproof, non-conductive of sound, and, most important of all r 5 or many uses, an excellent non-conductor of eat. Y

It is of course well understood that in making walls and ceilings and partitions the more dense and heavy the wall the better it will conduct heat.

My present invention is adapted for general use in the building of walls, ceilings, and partitions, and is especially adapted for use in the f building of apartment-houses, cold-storage 2 5 rooms, refrigerating plants, ice-chests, &c.,

in fact, wherever li htness and the non-conduction of sound or heat 1s an lmportant desideraturn.

With these and other ends in View I have devised the novel method of making non-conducting walls which I Will now describe, referring to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and using reference characters to indicate the several parts.

Figure 1 is a section of a ceiling embodying my novel invention and showing the cement finish; Figs. 2 and 4, sections of slightlyvariant formsof walls embodying my novel invention and also showing a method of building walls; Fig. 3, a section of a partition elnbodying my novel invention and also showing the cement iinish on both sides; and Fig. 5'is a sectional view of a relatively large piece of cork coated over with waterproof cement mixed with finely-ground cork as prepared for use in the building of walls, ceilings, and partitions in accordance with my novel invention.

The gist of the invention lies in utilizing in 50 the most eiective manner possible the lightness, the waterproof quality, and the nonconductive quality both as regards sound and heat of cork in the building of continuous facings, walls, ceilings, partitions, &c., either\ with or without a core. v

In carrying out my novel invention articles of cork either granulated or in thc Iorm oi chips, are thoroughly dampened in a bed similar toan ordinary mor are an -arethen sprinkled over with a coating mixture consist- 00 ing of waterproof cement, either Portland cement or any of the well-known ran s o waterproof cement, and finely-ground cork. After sprinkling the particles of dampened cork with the coating mixture they are thor- 4oughly agitated in the bed by means of a suitable lnixer-Ior example, a rake or forkwhen the material is prepared in relatively small quantities, ground cork and cement and water being added and the agitation continued until the particles of cork, whether granules or chips, are thoroughly covered over with the coating mixture. The material is then ready for use in building Walls, ceilings, or partitions. Where large quantities of the material are to be used, the operation of mixing will of course be performed by means of a mixing-machine. It is wholly unimportant, however, so far as the present invention isconcerned how the mixing is done-that is, how the particles of cork are covered over with the coating mixture of ground cork and cement. l

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 5 I have illustrated the use of relatively large particles-that is, '85 chips-of cork, and in Fig. 4 I have illustrated the use of granulated cork in the preparation of material for building walls, ceilings, and partitions. For convenience in illustration I will indicate chips of cork by 10, granules of cork by 11, coating mixture by 12, a core-for' example, expanded metal, which may be used either in strips or sheetsby 13, the wall of a building, which may be 1 of brick orany suitable material, by 14, tempo- 9S rary supporting-walls by 15, braces by which the supporting-walls are held in place by 16, my novel non-conducting wall as a whole by 17, a partition made in accordance with my novel invention by 18, a ceiling made in ac- 100 781/, aff

cordance with my novel invention by 19, and the cement finishing-coat of walls, ceilings, and partitions by 20.

In building a wall a temporary supportingwall, as 15, is set up and supported in any suitable manner, as by braces 16, at a slightly less distance from the wall of the building (indicated by 14) than the required thickness of the non-conducting wall. The space be-4 tween the wall of the `building and the temporary supporting-wall is then filled in with the prepared material-that is, particles of cork, either chips or granules, dampened and covered over with the coating mixture. The material of the non-conducting wall is thoroughly rammed or packed down between the temporary supporting-wall and the wall of the building and is allowed to set and become thoroughly hardened. In practice I let it ystand for twenty-four hours, more or less, before removing the temporary supportingwalls. The time required for the wall to set and harden will vary, of course, depending upon the thickness of the wall, thequality of coating mixture used, &c. After removing the temporary supporting-wall the face of the non-conducting wall is finished by a coating of cement, in which a little sand may be mixed, if preferred, and which I have indicated by 20. In building a partition or inside wall, as indicated in Fig. 3, two temporary supporting-walls, as 15, are used and the space between them filled in with the coated particles of cork, as already described. As a core for the partition sheets or strips of expanded metal, as 13, may or may not be used, as preferred. After hardening the temporary supporting-walls are removed, as before, and both sides of the partition may be covered over with a finishing-coatof cement, as 20.

In building a ceiling-wall the material may be formed into sheets or strips, as in building a partition-wall, then coated on one side with a finish of cement, and then attached in place by nails or in any suitable manner, or, if preferred, a core-for example, sheets or strips of expanded metal-may be suspended, by means of nails 21, from the ceiling of the building, which I have indicated by 22, (see Fig. 1,) and the material of the non-conducting ceiling'ma.;1 be applied thereto in the same manner that ordinary mortar or cement ceilings are made and after it has hardened may be coated over with a finishing-coat of cement in the same manner that Walls and partitions are finished.

.I have found in practice that Walls, ceilings, and partitions built of this material are for all practical purposes absolutely fireproof and waterproof, that they are excellent nonconductors of both sound and heat, and that although very inexpensive and very light they meet perfectly the requirements of use. In brief, I not only effect a great saving in the cost of construction and greatly reduce the Weight of the structure, but also produce a continuous wall which givesmore satisfactory results as regards waterproof and nonmakes an effective waterproof mixture, does not impair the binding qualities of the cement, reduces the weight to the minimum, and has the important additional advantage that its cost is relatively trifling.

The preliminary sprinkling of the dampened particles of cork with cementand finelyground cork, followed by the thorough mixing with additional quantities of cement and finely-ground cork, Aresults in the application to the particles of a coating havinga suiicient thickness that will cause all of the interstices between the particles of cork to be completely filled up when the composition is packed in place, and such filling between the relatively large particles is of a material that is so largely composed of cork that the resulting wall or partition is a far better non-conductor of heat and sound than if the interstices between the particles of cork were filled with cement alone. The density of straight cement is suficient tocarry heat and sound through between the large pieces of cork; but the presence of the nely-ground cork in the interstices, resulting from the substantial coating as above described, provides a thoroughly-e'eetive' heat and sound insulation.

Having thus described my invention, I claimv The herein-described, method of building non-conducting walls which consists in dampening particles of cork, sprinkling the dampened particles with waterproof cement and finely-ground cork, agitating the particles of cork with a further quantity of cement` and finely-ground cork until they are thoroughly covered over with the coating mixture, and then forming the material to the shape required.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

JUNIUS H. STONE.

y Witnesses:

F. G. HENRY, CHAs. FRANCIS STONE, Jr.

IOO

IOS

IIO

IIS 

